To discuss and identify research needs in the certifiable assurance of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), focusing on uncertainties associated with the verification and validation of the complex logic on which these CPSs rely, whether the logic is implemented in software, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. This growing issue cuts across many application domains affecting society, e.g., medical devices, automobiles, commercial aircraft, and nuclear power plants.
