This Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) grant will support research that will contribute new knowledge related to emerging monitoring and control techniques of the growth of nanomaterials, which are crucial for applications such as new types of batteries and photovoltaic devices, because precise structuring of matter is essential to realize the desired charge, mass, and energy flow patterns that underpin energy conversion and storage. With the fast arrival of tremendous amount of data produced by dynamic nanoscale imaging, the National Nanotechnology Initiative has identified the lack of in-process monitoring and control as a grand challenge impeding the design and discovery of new materials, because "existing methods are time-consuming, expensive, and require high-tech infrastructure and high skill levels to perform." This grant supports a multidisciplinary team, comprising experts from data science, control, circuit design, and material sciences, aiming to tackle this challenge by designing a cyber-physical system that can reliably convert dynamic imaging data to machine intelligible information for process monitoring and control. The results from this research will benefit nanomaterial discovery and pave a path to scalable production. The multidisciplinary approach will help broaden participation of underrepresented groups in research and positively impact science and engineering education.