Abstract: Most future CPS systems will represent a complex, messy mix of hardware, software and human interactions – and may produce dangerous instabilities quicker than some external controller can react. The specific focus and motivation of this project concerns modeling and understanding the dynamics of such CPS that are large and evolve in a decentralized way due to changing market conditions, yielding a system comprising many heterogeneous components that may have incompatible communication protocols (e.g.

Abstract: This project addresses the impact of the integration of renewable intermittent generation and the integration of sophisticated sensing, communication, and actuation capabilities into the grid on the system’s reliability, volatility, and economic efficiency, and seeks to develop system architectures, along with associated optimization and control algorithms to balance such trade-­‐offs. The high level goals of this project can be stated as follows: