CPS: Synergy: Self-Sustainable Data-Driven Systems In the Field
Kai Shen
Lead PI:
Kai Shen
Co-PI:
Abstract
Data-driven intelligence is an essential foundation for physical systems in transportation safety and efficiency, area surveillance and security, as well as environmental sustainability. This project develops new computer system infrastructure and algorithms for self-sustainable data-driven systems in the field.
Kai Shen

My research interests fall into the broad area of computer systems.  A principal share of my research has targeted the software system support for concurrent servers.  It started at around 2000 with my development of the Neptune server clustering middleware, which was deployed as the online software backbone for thousands of servers at the web search engine Ask.com.  It has continued to the present day (2013), with my most recent work of the fine-grained power modeling and power virus containment on multicore servers.  A dominant theme of my work has been to recognize the complexity of modern computer systems and then develop principled approaches to understand, characterize, and manage such complexities.  In particular, I have strong interests in the cross-layer work of developing the software system solution to support emerging hardware or address hardware issues.

Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2015
Institution: University of Rochester
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239423
CPS: Synergy: Achieving High-Resolution Situational Awareness in Ultra-Wide-Area Cyber-Physical Systems
Hairong Qi
Lead PI:
Hairong Qi
Co-PI:
Abstract
Energy infrastructure is a critical underpinning of modern society. To ensure its reliable operation, a nation-wide or continent-wide situational awareness system is essential to provide high-resolution understanding of the system dynamics such that proper actions can be taken in real-time in response to power system disturbances and to avoid cascading blackouts. The power grid represents a typical highly dynamic cyber-physical system (CPS).
Hairong Qi
Hairong Qi received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in computer science from Northern JiaoTong University, Beijing, China in 1992 and 1995, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in computer engineering from North Carolina State University, Raleigh, in 1999. She is currently the Gonzalez Family Professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Her research interests are in the general areas of computer vision and machine learning. Dr. Qi's research is supported by National Science Foundation, DARPA, IARPA, Office of Naval Research, NASA, Department of Homeland Security, etc. Dr. Qi is the recipient of the NSF CAREER Award. She is awarded the Highest Impact Paper from the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society in 2012. Dr. Qi has published over 200 technical papers in archival journals and refereed conference proceedings, including two co-authored books with Dr. Wesley Snyder in Computer Vision. Dr. Qi is an IEEE Fellow.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2015
Institution: University of Tennessee Knoxville
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239478
CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: SensEye: An Architecture for Ubiquitous, Real-Time Visual Context Sensing and Inference
Lead PI:
Deepak Ganesan
Co-PI:
Abstract
Continuous real-time tracking of the eye and field-of-view of an individual is profoundly important to understanding how humans perceive and interact with the physical world. This work advances both the technology and engineering of cyber-physical systems by designing an innovative paradigm involving next-generation computational eyeglasses that interact with a user's mobile phone to provide the capability for real-time visual context sensing and inference.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2014
Institution: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239341
CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Methodologies for Engineering with Plug-and-Learn Components: Formal Synthesis and Analysis Across Abstraction Layers
John Gallagher
Lead PI:
John Gallagher
Abstract
Effective engineering of complex devices often depends critically on the ability to encapsulate responsibility for tasks into modular agents and ensure those agents communicate with one another in well-defined and easily observable ways. When such conditions are followed, it becomes possible to detect where problems lie so they can be corrected. It also becomes possible to optimize the agents and their communications to improve performance.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2015
Institution: Wright State University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239196
CPS: Breakthrough: Distributed Computing Under Uncertainty: A New Paradigm for Cooperative Cyber-Physical Systems
Lead PI:
Nicola Elia
Abstract
This project is to develop a dynamical systems model of distributed computation motivated from recent work on the distributed computation of averages. The key idea is that static optimization problems (particularly convex optimization problems) can be solved by designing a dynamic system that stabilizes around the optimal solution of the problem. Moreover, when the optimization problem is separable, then the designed dynamic system decomposes into a set of locally-interacting dynamic systems.
Performance Period: 01/01/2013 - 12/31/2015
Institution: Iowa State University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239319
CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Hybrid Control Tools for Power Management and Optimization in Cyber-Physical Systems
Lead PI:
Magnus Egerstedt
Co-PI:
Abstract
This project explores balancing performance considerations and power consumption in cyber-physical systems, through algorithms that switch among different modes of operation (e.g., low-power/high-power, on/off, or mobile/static) in response to environmental conditions. The main theoretical contribution is a computational, hybrid optimal control framework that is connected to a number of relevant target applications where physical modeling, control design, and software architectures all constitute important components.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2015
Institution: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239225
CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: A Cyber-Physical Infrastructure for the "Smart City"
Co-PI:
Abstract
The project aims at making cities "smarter" by engineering processes such as traffic control, efficient parking services, and new urban activities such as recharging electric vehicles. To that end, the research will study the components needed to establish a Cyber-Physical Infrastructure for urban environments and address fundamental problems that involve data collection, resource allocation, real-time decision making, safety, and security.
Christos Cassandras

Christos G. Cassandras is Head of the Division of Systems Engineering and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Boston University. He is also co-founder of Boston University’s Center for Information and Systems Engineering (CISE). He received degrees from Yale University (B.S., 1977), Stanford University (M.S.E.E., 1978), and Harvard University (S.M., 1979; Ph.D., 1982). In 1982-84 he was with ITP Boston, Inc. where he worked on the design of automated manufacturing systems. In 1984-1996 he was a faculty member at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts/Amherst. He specializes in the areas of discrete event and hybrid systems, stochastic optimization, and computer simulation, with applications to computer and sensor networks, manufacturing systems, and transportation systems. He has published over 300 refereed papers in these areas, and five books. He has guest-edited several technical journal issues and serves on several journal Editorial Boards. He has recently collaborated with The MathWorks, Inc. in the development of the discrete event and hybrid system simulator SimEvents.

      Dr. Cassandras was Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control from 1998 through 2009 and has also served as Editor for Technical Notes and Correspondence and Associate Editor. He is the 2012 President of the IEEE Control Systems Society (CSS) and has served as Vice President for Publications and on the Board of Governors of the CSS. He has chaired the CSS Technical Committee on Control Theory, and served as Chair of several conferences. He has been a plenary speaker at many international conferences, including the American Control Conference in 2001 and the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control in 2002, and an IEEE Distinguished Lecturer.

      He is the recipient of several awards, including the 2011 IEEE Control Systems Technology Award, the Distinguished Member Award of the IEEE Control Systems Society (2006), the 1999 Harold Chestnut Prize (IFAC Best Control Engineering Textbook) for Discrete Event Systems: Modeling and Performance Analysis, a 2011 prize for the IBM/IEEE Smarter Planet Challenge competition, a 1991 Lilly Fellowship and a 2012 Kern Fellowship. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Tau Beta Pi. He is also a Fellow of the IEEE and a Fellow of the IFAC.

Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2015
Institution: Trustees of Boston University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239021
CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Coordinated Resource Management of Cyber-Physical-Social Power Systems
Duncan Callaway
Lead PI:
Duncan Callaway
Co-PI:
Abstract
Large-scale critical infrastructure systems, including energy and transportation networks, comprise millions of individual elements (human, software and hardware) whose actions may be inconsequential in isolation but profoundly important in aggregate. The focus of this project is on the coordination of these elements via ubiquitous sensing, communications, computation, and control, with an emphasis on the electric grid. The project integrates ideas from economics and behavioral science into frameworks grounded in control theory and power systems.
Performance Period: 11/01/2012 - 10/31/2015
Institution: University of California-Berkeley
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239467
CPS: Synergy: Cyber Enabled Manufacturing Systems (CeMs) for Small Lot Manufacture
Lead PI:
Joseph Beaman
Co-PI:
Abstract
This grant provides funding for the development of Cyber Enabled Manufacturing (CeMs) process control for small lot manufacturing that incorporates a model of the process directly into the control algorithm. Such a model can be used to accommodate changes in the physical product and the manufacturing process and thus the manufacturing monitoring and control algorithm, so that changing conditions are easily accommodated without extensive additional experiments.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2016
Institution: University of Texas at Austin
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239343
CPS: Synergy: A Hybrid Detector Network for Nuclear and Radioactive Threat Detection
Lead PI:
Er-Wei Bai
Co-PI:
Abstract
The most compelling problem confronting detection of nuclear material in a large area is the level of manifest uncertainty. Furthermore, detection and localization problems involve nontrivial and nonlinear non-convex optimization often stuck at local minima.
Performance Period: 10/01/2012 - 09/30/2017
Institution: University of Iowa
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1239509
Subscribe to