CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: A CPS Approach to Robot Design
Walid Taha
Lead PI:
Walid Taha
Abstract
In many important situations, analytically predicting the behavior of physical systems is not possible. For example, the three dimensional nature of physical systems makes it provably impossible to express closed-form analytical solutions for even the simplest systems. This has made experimentation the primary modality for designing new cyber-physical systems (CPS). Since physical prototyping and experiments are typically costly and hard to conduct, "virtual experiments" in the form of modeling and simulation can dramatically accelerate innovation in CPS.
Performance Period: 09/15/2011 - 08/31/2015
Institution: William Marsh Rice University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1136099
Project URL
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Information and Computation Hierarchy for Smart Grids
Lang Tong
Lead PI:
Lang Tong
Co-PI:
Abstract
The electric grid in the United States has evolved over the past century from a series of small independent community-based systems to one of the largest and most complex cyber-physical systems today. However, the established conditions that made the electric grid an engineering marvel are being challenged by major changes, the most important being a worldwide effort to mitigate climate change by reducing carbon emissions. This research investigates key aspects of a computation and information foundation for future cyber-physical energy systems?the smart grids.
Performance Period: 09/15/2011 - 08/31/2016
Institution: Cornell University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1135844
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Information and Computation Hierarchy for Smart Grids
Pravin Varaiya
Lead PI:
Pravin Varaiya
Abstract
The electric grid in the United States has evolved over the past century from a series of small independent community-based systems to one of the largest and most complex cyber-physical systems today. However, the established conditions that made the electric grid an engineering marvel are being challenged by major changes, the most important being a worldwide effort to mitigate climate change by reducing carbon emissions. This research investigates key aspects of a computation and information foundation for future cyber-physical energy systems?the smart grids.
Pravin Varaiya

 

Pravin Varaiya is Professor of the Graduate School in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley.  From 1975 to 1992 he was also Professor of Economics.  His current research interests include transportation networks and electric power systems.  

His honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship, three Honorary Doctorates, the Field Medal and Bode Prize of the IEEE Control Systems Society, the Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award, and the Outstanding Research Award of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society.  He is a Fellow of IEEE, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Science.  

Performance Period: 09/15/2011 - 08/31/2016
Institution: University of California-Berkeley
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1135872
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Credible Autocoding and Verification of Embedded Software (CrAVES)
Abstract
The CrAVES project seeks to lay down intellectual foundations for credible autocoding of embedded systems, by which graphical control system specifications that satisfy given open-loop and closed-loop properties are automatically transformed into source code guaranteed to satisfy the same properties. The goal is that the correctness of these codes can be easily and independently verified by dedicated proof checking systems. During the autocoding process, the properties of control system specifications are transformed into proven assertions explicitly written in the resulting source code.
Performance Period: 09/15/2011 - 08/31/2016
Institution: Carnegie Mellon University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1136008
CPS: Medium: Robust Distributed Wind Power Engineering
Jan Vitek
Lead PI:
Jan Vitek
Co-PI:
Abstract
Harnessing wind energy is one of the pressing challenges of our time. The scale, complexity, and robustness of wind power systems present compelling cyber-physical system design issues. Leveraging the physical infrastructure at Purdue, this project aims to develop comprehensive computational infrastructure for distributed real-time control. In contrast to traditional efforts that focus on programming-in-the-small, this project emphasizes programmability, robustness, longevity, and assurance of integrated wind farms.
Performance Period: 09/01/2011 - 04/30/2015
Institution: Purdue University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1136045
Project URL
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Efficient Mapping and Management of Applications onto Cyber-Physical Systems
Pei Zhang
Lead PI:
Pei Zhang
Abstract
The computing landscape is a richly-heterogeneous space including both fixed and mobile nodes with a large variety of sensing, actuation and computational capabilities (including mobile devices, home electronics, taxis, robotic drones, etc.). Cyber-physical applications built on these devices have the potential to gather data on, analyze, and adapt to or control a range of environments.
Performance Period: 09/01/2011 - 08/31/2015
Institution: Carnegie Mellon University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1135874
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: The Cyber-Physical Challenges of Transient Stability and Security in Power Grids
Francesco Bullo
Lead PI:
Francesco Bullo
Abstract
The national transmission networks that deliver high voltage electric power underpin our society and are central to the ongoing transformation of the American energy infrastructure. Transmission networks are very large and complicated engineering systems, and "keeping the lights on" as the transformation of the American energy infrastructure proceeds is a fundamental engineering challenge involving both the physical aspects of the equipment and the cyber aspects of the controls, communications, and computers that run the system.
Performance Period: 09/01/2011 - 08/31/2015
Institution: University of California at Santa Barbara
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1135819
CPS: Medium: A Cross-Layer Approach to Taming Cyber-Physical Uncertainties in Vehicular Wireless Networking and Platoon Control
Hongwei Zhang
Lead PI:
Hongwei Zhang
Co-PI:
Abstract
This project proposes a cross-layer framework in which vehicular wireless networking and platoon control interact with each other to tame cyber-physical uncertainties. Based on the real-time capacity region of wireless networking and the physical process of vehicle movements, platoon control selects its control strategies and the corresponding requirements on the timeliness and throughput of wireless data delivery to optimize control performance.
Hongwei Zhang

I lead the Dependable Networking and Computing research group in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Iowa State University. Our research explores the theories, methods, and systems building-blocks for addressing dynamics and uncertainties in networked systems that involve wireless networks, sensing and control networks, vehicular networks, and the Internet.

Presently, we are especially interested in the modeling, algorithmic, and systems issues in wireless sensing and control networks as well as their applications in augmented reality, smart agriculture, connected and automated vehicles, smart energy grid, industrial IoT, and cyber-physical-human systems in general. For instance, as a part of the US Ignite, CPS, NeTS, and GOALI programs of NSF and in collaboration with industry, we have investigated field-deployable mechanisms for predictable, real-time, and secure wireless networking, and we have investigated cross-layer approaches to taming cyber-physical uncertainties in wireless networked sensing and control; as a part of the NSF GENI program, we have developed theoretical and systems foundations for experimentation and service provisioning in connected and automated vehicles as well as in federated, networked sensing.  

Besides publications, our work has provided foundational components for several wireless network systems, including the emulation system and software-defined innovation platforms for sensing and control networks of connected and automated vehicles, the WiMAX research cellular network, the KanseiGenie federated sensor networks, the NetEyeexperimental infrastructure (which has 176 IEEE 802.15.4 nodes and 15 802.11b/g nodes), and the DARPA sensor network systems A Line in the Sand and ExScal (which, with its 200-node 802.11b mesh network and 1,200-node mote network, was the world's largest wireless sensor network and 802.11b mesh network deployed at its time).

I received the NSF CAREER Award in 2011. Our work has been recognized by the Best Demo Award at the 23rd and 21st NSF GENI Engineering Conference in 2015 and 2014 respectively, and the Best Demo First Runner-up Award at the 20th NSF GENI Engineering Conference in 2014. Our articles have been selected as the Annual Best Paper of the Journal of Systems Science and Complexity (Springer) in 2016, the Spotlight Paper of the IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing in November 2010, and a Best Paper Candidate at the IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP) in 2010. Our work has also been featured by public media such as CBS, Science X, SmartPlanet, EurekAlert!, Model D, UMTRI Connected Vehicle News, Michigan University Research Corridor News, Wayne State University New Science Magazine, and Today@Wayne.

Performance Period: 09/01/2011 - 08/31/2015
Institution: Wayne State University
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1136007
CPS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Co-Design of Multimodal CPS Architectures and Adaptive Controllers
Abstract
The focus of this project is the efficient implementation of multiple control and non-control automotive applications in a distributed embedded system (DES) with a goal of developing safe, dependable, and secure Automotive CPS. DES are highly attractive due to the fact that they radically enhance the capabilities of the underlying system by linking a range of devices and sensors and allowing information to be processed in unprecedented ways.
Anuradha Annaswamy

Dr. Anuradha Annaswamy received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Yale University in 1985. She has been a member of the faculty at Yale, Boston University, and MIT where currently she is the director of the Active-Adaptive Control Laboratory and a Senior Research Scientist in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Her research interests pertain to adaptive control theory and applications to aerospace and automotive control, active control of noise in thermo-fluid systems, control of autonomous systems, decision and control in smart grids, and co-design of control and distributed embedded systems. She is the co-editor of the IEEE CSS report on Impact of Control Technology: Overview, Success Stories, and Research Challenges, 2011, and will serve as the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Vision document on Smart Grid and the role of Control Systems to be published in 2013. Dr. Annaswamy has received several awards including the George Axelby Outstanding Paper award from the IEEE Control Systems Society, the Presidential Young Investigator award from the National Science Foundation, the Hans Fisher Senior Fellowship from the Institute for Advanced Study at the Technische Universität München in 2008, and the Donald Groen Julius Prize for 2008 from the Institute of Mechanical Engineers. Dr. Annaswamy is a Fellow of the IEEE and a member of AIAA.

Performance Period: 10/01/2011 - 09/30/2016
Institution: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Sponsor: National Science Foundation
Award Number: 1135815
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