Abstract: Human motion-capture and computational analysis tools have played a significant role in a variety of product- design and ergonomics settings for over a quarter-century. In moving beyond traditional kinematic (and its dual- static) settings, advances in biomechanics and multibody dynamics have led up to computational analysis tools that can provide significant insights into the functional performance.

Abstract: In the process of developing a cyber-physical system capable of displaying the in vivo surgical area directly onto patients' skin, an important research challenge emerged.  To generate virtual views from an arbitrary angle, 3D information of internal organ surfaces is crucial.  The 3D reconstruction of internal organ surfaces for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with stereo cameras is usually very difficult due to the challenges in correspondence matching, since there is very limited texture but significant specular reflection on or

Abstract: The objective of this research is to develop tools for comprehensive design and optimization of air traffic flow management capabilities at multiple spatial and temporal resolutions: at a national airspace-wide scale and one-day time horizon (strategic time-frame); and at a regional scale (of one or a few Centers) and a two-hour time horizon (tactical time-frame).Year 3 results are summarized in the following.

Abstract: One of the urgent tasks for wastewater reclamation plants (WRPs) is to develop a cost effective infrastructure upon the existing facilities to meet the new regulations on the concentration of total ammonia nitrogen required by USEPA by 2014.

Abstract: The tight integration of physical and information processes in CPS necessitates the development of a new systems science, which is simultaneously computational and physical. Dynamics, modeling, feedback, and control are central issues in CPS research. The unique challenges in CPS integration emerge from the heterogeneity of components and interactions.

Abstract: Today's computer systems are mostly built with volatile memory components such as flip- flops, SRAM, and SDRAM, except for secondary non-volatile storage. As a result, traditional computer systems quickly lose information stored in memory if the power supply is interrupted even for a short period of time. Unfortunately, such volatile devices present significant limitations for computations on embedded cyber-physical systems that have to rely on unreliable power sources.

Abstract: Analytically predicting the behavior of physical systems is generally not possible. For example, the three dimensional nature of physical systems makes it provably impossible to express closed-­‐form analytical solutions even simple systems. This limitation makes experimentation the primary modality for designing new cyber-­‐physical systems.

Abstract: This study attempts to address a range of problems associated with autonomous navigation in real‐life urban traffic, most recently including controller design and safety, secure communication, mapping, pedestrian behavior, testing and intersection access.

Abstract: This project focuses on modern buildings as a natural expression of a cyber-­‐physical system, with many features that are typical to such systems. Modern buildings exhibit a tight integration of sensing, computation, and actuation within multiple physical domains. For example, larger buildings usually contain a sensor network, with a variety of sensors that measure power flow, temperature, relative humidity, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.