Design, development and manufacture of motor vehicles, towed vehicles, motorcycles and mopeds.
The goal of this research is to develop fundamental theory, efficient algorithms, and realistic experiments for the analysis and design of safety-critical cyber-physical transportation systems with human operators. The research focuses on preventing crashes between automobiles at road intersections, since these account for about 40% of overall vehicle crashes. Specifically, the main objective of this work is to design provably safe driver-assist systems that understand driver?s intentions and provide warnings/overrides to prevent collisions. In order to pursue this goal, hybrid automata models for the driver-vehicles-intersection system, incorporating driver behavior and performance as an integral part, are derived from human-factors experiments. A partial order of these hybrid automata models is constructed, according to confidence levels on the model parameters. The driver-assist design problem is then formulated as a set of partially ordered hybrid differential games with imperfect information, in which games are ordered according to parameter confidence levels. The resulting designs are validated experimentally in a driving simulator and in large-scale computer simulations.
This research leverages the potential of embedded control and communication technologies to prevent crashes at traffic intersections, by enabling networks of smart vehicles to cooperate with each other, with the surrounding infrastructure, and with their drivers to make transportation safer, more enjoyable, and more efficient. The work is based on a collaboration among researchers in formal methods, autonomous control, and human factors who are studying realistic and provably correct warning/override algorithms that can be readily transitioned to production vehicles.
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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National Science Foundation
Domitilla Del Vecchio
Submitted by Domitilla Del Vecchio on August 27th, 2015
Until now, the cyber component of automobiles has consisted of control algorithms and associated software for vehicular subsystems designed to achieve one or more performance, efficiency, reliability, comfort, or safety goals, primarily based on short-term intrinsic vehicle sensor data. However, there exist many extrinsic factors that can affect the degree to which these goals can be achieved. These factors can be determined from: longer-term traces of in-built sensor data that can be abstracted as triplines, socialized versions of these that are shared amongst vehicle users, and online databases. These three sources of information collectively constitute the automotive infoverse.
This project harnesses this automotive infoverse to achieve these goals through high-confidence vehicle tuning and driver feedback decisions. Specifically, the project develops software called Headlight that permits the rapid development of apps that use the infoverse to achieve one or more goals. Advisory apps can provide feedback to the driver in order to ensure better fuel efficiency, while auto-tuning goals can set car parameters to promote safety. Allowing vehicles and such apps to share vehicle data with others and to use extrinsic information results in novel information processing, assurance, and privacy challenges. The project develops methods, algorithms and models to address these challenges.
Broader Impact - This project can have significant societal impact by reducing carbon emissions and improving vehicular safety, can spur innovation in tuning methods and encourage researchers to experiment with this class of cyber-physical systems. The active participation of General Motors will strongly facilitate technology transfer. The program has outreach through internships, course material, high school and undergraduate involvement, and through creating an open infrastructure usable by diverse developers.
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National Science Foundation
Ramesh Govindan
Submitted by Ramesh Govindan on August 27th, 2015
The objective of this project is to research tools to manage uncertainty in the design and certification process of safety-critical aviation systems. The research focuses on three innovative ideas to support this objective. First, probabilistic techniques will be introduced to specify system-level requirements and bound the performance of dynamical components. These will reduce the design costs associated with complex aviation systems consisting of tightly integrated components produced by many independent engineering organizations. Second, a framework will be created for developing software components that use probabilistic execution to model and manage the risk of software failure. These techniques will make software more robust, lower the cost of validating code changes, and allow software quality to be integrated smoothly into overall system-level analysis. Third, techniques from Extreme Value Theory will be applied to develop adaptive verification and validation procedures. This will enable early introduction of new and advanced aviation systems. These systems will initially have restricted capabilities, but these restrictions will be gradually relaxed as justified by continual logging of data from in-service products.
The three main research aims will lead to a significant reduction in the costs and time required for fielding new aviation systems. This will enable, for example, the safe and rapid implementation of next generation air traffic control systems that have the potential of tripling airspace capacity with no reduction in safety. The proposed methods are also applicable to other complex systems including smart power grids and automated highways. Integrated into the research is an education plan for developing a highly skilled workforce capable of designing safety critical systems. This plan centers around two main activities: (a) creation of undergraduate labs focusing on safety-critical systems, and (b) integration of safety-critical concepts into a national robotic snowplow competition. These activities will provide inspirational, real-world applications to motivate student learning.
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Tufts University
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National Science Foundation
Jason Rife
Submitted by Samuel Guyer on August 27th, 2015
This project focuses on the formal design of semi-autonomous automotive Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). Rather than disconnecting the driver from the vehicle, the goal is to obtain a vehicle where the degree of autonomy is continuously changed in real-time as a function of certified uncertainty ranges for driver behavior and environment reconstruction. The highly integrated research plan will advance the science and engineering for CPS by developing methods for (1) reconstructing 3D scenes which incorporate high-level topological and low-level metric information, (2) extracting driver behavioral models from large datasets using geometry, reasoning and inferences, (3) designing provably-safe control schemes which trade-off real-time feasibility and conservatism by using the evidence collected during actual driving.
Assisting humans in controlling complex and safety-critical systems is a global challenge. In order to improve the safety of human-operated CPS we need to provide guarantees in the reconstruction of the environment where the humans and the CPS operate, and to develop control systems that use predictive cognitive models of the human when interacting with the CPS. A successful and integrated research in both areas will impact not only the automotive sector but many other human-operated systems. These include telesurgery, homeland security, assisted rehabilitation, power networks, environmental monitoring, and all transportation CPS. Graduate, undergraduate and underrepresented engineering students will benefit through classroom instruction, involvement in the research and a continuous interaction with industrial partners who are leaders in the field of assisted driving.
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University of California at Berkeley
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National Science Foundation
Francesco Borrelli
Submitted by Francesco Borrelli on August 27th, 2015
As Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) employing mobile nodes continue to integrate into the physical world, ensuring their safety and security become crucial goals. Due to their mobility, real-time, energy and safety constraints, coupled by their reliance on communication mediums that are subject to interference and intentional jamming, the projected complexities in Mobile CPSs will far exceed those of traditional computing systems. Such increase in complexity widens the malicious opportunities for adversaries and with many components interacting together, distinguishing between normal and abnormal behaviors becomes quite challenging.
The research work in this project falls along two main thrusts: (1) identifying stealthy attacks and (2) developing defense mechanisms. Along the first thrust, a unifying theoretical framework is developed to uncover attacks in a systematic manner whereby an adversary solves Markovian Decision Processes problems to identify optimal and suboptimal attack policies. The effects of the attacks are assessed through different instantiations of damage and cost metrics. Along the second thrust, novel randomization controllers and randomization-aware anomaly detection mechanisms are developed to prevent, detect and mitigate stealthy attacks.
The outcomes of this CAREER project will ultimately provide concrete foundations to build more secure systems in the areas of robotics, autonomous vehicles, and intelligent transportation systems. The educational activities--as in curriculum development and hands-on laboratory experiences--will provide students with the essential skills to build dependable and trustworthy systems, while ensuring the participation of undergraduates, women and underrepresented minorities. The outreach activities will expose high school students to Computer Science education and scientific research.
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Texas State University - San Marcos
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National Science Foundation
Mina Guirguis
Submitted by Mina Guirguis on August 27th, 2015
Announcement
CPS Security & Privacy 2016 : Call for Book Chapter Proposals: Foundations and Applications (Wiley)
Call For Papers
CPS Security & Privacy 2016 : Call for Book Chapter Proposals for Security and Privacy in Cyber-Physical Systems: Foundations and Applications (Wiley)
Submission Deadline Aug 31, 2015
Notification Due Sep 15, 2015
Final Version Due Nov 30, 2015
Dear Colleague,
We would like to cordially invite you to contribute a book chapter to a forthcoming book entitled "Security and Privacy in Cyber-Physical Systems: Foundations and Applications" which will be published by Wiley.
Call for Chapters
Chapter Proposal Submission by August 31, 2015.
Submission Procedure:
Please email your abstract (max. 500 words) by August 31, 2015 to cps.wiley@gmail.com and indicate the specific chapter where your work best fits or propose your own topic relevant to the theme of the book.
Please provide the following points in your proposals/abstracts:
1. Title of the contribution,
2. Title of the chapter (of the tentative TOC) if the contribution refers to one of them,
3. Name of author, co-authors, institution, email-address,
4. Content/mission of the proposed article.
Authors of accepted proposals will be notified by the given deadline about the status of their proposals and sent chapter guidelines.
The topics of interest include but are not limited to:
Part I: Foundations and Principles
Chapter 1. Cybersecurity and Privacy: Past, Present and Future
Chapter 2. The interplay of Cyber, Physical, and Human elements in CPS
Chapter 3. Adaptive attack mitigation for CPS
Chapter 4. Authentication and access control for CPS
Chapter 5. Availability, recovery and auditing for CPS
Chapter 6. Data security and privacy for CPS
Chapter 7. Intrusion detection for CPS
Chapter 8. Key management in CPS
Chapter 9. Legacy CPS system protection
Chapter 10. Lightweight crypto and security
Chapter 11. Threat modeling for CPS
Chapter 12. Vulnerability analysis for CPS
Part II: Application Domains
Chapter 13. Energy
Chapter 14. Medical
Chapter 15. Transportation
Chapter 16. Physical Infrastructure
Chapter 17. Manufacturing
Chapter 18. Building
Chapter 19. Agriculture
Chapter 20. Robotics
Chapter 21. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Chapter 22. Smart Cities
Editors:
- Houbing Song, West Virginia University, USA (Houbing.Song@mail.wvu.edu)
- Glenn A. Fink, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA (Glenn.Fink@pnnl.gov)
- Sabina Jeschke, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (sabina.jeschke@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de)
- Gilad L. Rosner, Internet of Things Privacy Forum, UK (gilad@giladrosner.com)
General Announcement
Not in Slideshow
Submitted by Anonymous on August 2nd, 2015
Event
REES 2015
1st International ESWEEK Workshop on Resiliency in Embedded Electronic Systems (REES 2015)
With the sheer complexity of hardware and software systems, resiliency became a major challenge in embedded systems design, manufacturing, and operation. For industrial applications several standards such as ISO26262, IEC61508 or DO-254 prescribe a well-defined level of reliability, robustness, and fault-tolerance.
Submitted by Anonymous on June 19th, 2015
Event
SANCS 2015
1st International Workshop on Software Architectures for Next-generation Cyber-physical Systems (SANCS 2015)
co-located with the 9th European Conference on Software Architecture (ECSA 2015)
Submitted by Anonymous on March 18th, 2015
The Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office's (ITS-JPO) posted a solicitation for Phase I, Concept Deveopment, of the Connected Vehicle (CV) Pilot Deployments. The objective of Phase I is to develop a CV Pilot Deployment concept, build partnerships among stakeholders, and prepare a comprehensive pilot deployment plan that reduces technical, institutional and financial risk. Responses are due March 16. More information is located at https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=4bb6693ac3021c178595d83fab3b5d73&tab=core&_cview=1.
General Announcement
Not in Slideshow
Submitted by david kuehn on February 3rd, 2015
Event
SaFoMe 2015
2nd International Workshop on Safety and Formal Methods
Overview
The SaFoMe workshop aims at providing a forum for people from academia and industry to communicate their latest results on theoretical advances, industrial case studies, and lessons learned in the application of formal methods to safety certification, verification and/or validation in (but not limited to) component-based systems.
Submitted by Anonymous on January 19th, 2015